"verna" meaning in All languages combined

See verna on Wiktionary

Noun [Catalan]

IPA: [ˈbe̞r.nə] [Northern], [ˈvɛr.nə] [Balearic], [ˈbɛr.nə] [Central], [ˈvɛɾ.na] [Valencia], [ˈbɛr.na] [Northwestern] Forms: vernes [plural]
Head templates: {{ca-noun|f}} verna f (plural vernes)
  1. alternative form of vern (“alder”) Tags: alt-of, alternative, feminine Alternative form of: vern (extra: alder)

Adjective [Italian]

IPA: /ˈvɛr.na/
Rhymes: -ɛrna Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|it|adjective form}} verna
  1. feminine singular of verno Tags: feminine, form-of, singular Form of: verno
    Sense id: en-verna-it-adj-4lePfHEv
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb [Italian]

IPA: /ˈvɛr.na/
Rhymes: -ɛrna Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|it|verb form}} verna
  1. inflection of vernare:
    third-person singular present indicative
    Tags: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person Form of: vernare
    Sense id: en-verna-it-verb-avFb9CP8 Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 1 80 18 Disambiguation of Pages with 6 entries: 0 37 5 6 38 3 3 3 4 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 40 3 6 44 2 2 2 2
  2. inflection of vernare:
    second-person singular imperative
    Tags: form-of, imperative, second-person, singular Form of: vernare
    Sense id: en-verna-it-verb-oRFTiUZ3
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun [Latin]

IPA: [ˈwɛr.na] [Classical-Latin], [ˈvɛr.na] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Possibly an Etruscan borrowing, though a Proto-Indo-European origin would suggest connections with Sanskrit वास्तु॑ (vā́stu, “house”), Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́στῠ (ắstŭ), Latin vās, Old Norse vist, all referring to "abode" or "utensils". Etymology templates: {{bor|la|ett|-}} Etruscan, {{der|la|ine-pro|-}} Proto-Indo-European, {{cog|sa|वास्तु॑|t=house}} Sanskrit वास्तु॑ (vā́stu, “house”), {{cog|grc|ᾰ̓́στῠ}} Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́στῠ (ắstŭ), {{cog|la|vās}} Latin vās, {{cog|non|vist}} Old Norse vist Head templates: {{la-noun|verna<1>|g=m|g2=f}} verna m or f (genitive vernae); first declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|verna<1>}} Forms: vernae [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], verna [nominative, singular], vernae [nominative, plural], vernae [genitive, singular], vernārum [genitive, plural], vernae [dative, singular], vernīs [dative, plural], vernam [accusative, singular], vernās [accusative, plural], vernā [ablative, singular], vernīs [ablative, plural], verna [singular, vocative], vernae [plural, vocative]
  1. a homeborn slave (a slave born in his master's house) Tags: declension-1, feminine, masculine
    Sense id: en-verna-la-noun-IepVMPFB Categories (other): Slavery Disambiguation of Slavery: 60 40
  2. term of abuse Tags: declension-1, feminine, masculine
    Sense id: en-verna-la-noun-g79kCw2g Categories (other): Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin feminine nouns in the first declension, Latin masculine nouns in the first declension Disambiguation of Pages with 6 entries: 0 37 5 6 38 3 3 3 4 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 40 3 6 44 2 2 2 2 Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 13 87 Disambiguation of Latin feminine nouns in the first declension: 34 66 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the first declension: 35 65
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: vernāculus, vernīlis

Verb [Norwegian Bokmål]

Forms: vernet [alternative]
Head templates: {{head|nb|verb form}} verna
  1. inflection of verne:
    simple past
    Tags: form-of, past Form of: verne
    Sense id: en-verna-nb-verb-6RDj0pq2
  2. inflection of verne:
    past participle
    Tags: form-of, participle, past Form of: verne
    Sense id: en-verna-nb-verb-X5NzSqL-

Noun [Norwegian Nynorsk]

IPA: /ʋɛrna/ Forms: verne [alternative]
Etymology: From Old Norse verna. Etymology templates: {{inh|nn|non|verna}} Old Norse verna Head templates: {{head|nn|noun form|g=n-p}} verna n pl
  1. definite plural of vern Tags: definite, form-of, neuter, plural Form of: vern
    Sense id: en-verna-nn-noun-fU-NEcEd

Verb [Norwegian Nynorsk]

IPA: /ʋɛrna/ Forms: vernar [present], verna [past], verna [participle, past], vernast [infinitive, passive], vernande [participle, present], verna [imperative], vern [imperative], verne [alternative]
Etymology: From Old Norse verna. Etymology templates: {{inh|nn|non|verna}} Old Norse verna Head templates: {{nn-verb-1}} verna (present tense vernar, past tense verna, past participle verna, passive infinitive vernast, present participle vernande, imperative verna/vern)
  1. defend, protect Synonyms: verja, verje, tryggja, tryggje
    Sense id: en-verna-nn-verb-h8R78gdw

Verb [Old Norse]

Forms: vernaða [indicative, past, singular], vernuðu [indicative, past, plural], vernaðr [participle, past]
Etymology: From the root of vǫrn (“defence”). Head templates: {{head|non|verb|singular past indicative|vernaða||{{{spast2}}}|plural past indicative|vernuðu||{{{ppast2}}}||{{{ppast3}}}|past participle|vernaðr||{{{pp2}}}|head=|tr=}} verna (singular past indicative vernaða, plural past indicative vernuðu, past participle vernaðr), {{non-verb|vernaða|vernuðu|vernaðr}} verna (singular past indicative vernaða, plural past indicative vernuðu, past participle vernaðr)
  1. defend, protect
    Sense id: en-verna-non-verb-h8R78gdw Categories (other): Old Norse entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vernes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "verna f (plural vernes)",
      "name": "ca-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "alder",
          "word": "vern"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ca",
          "name": "Birch family plants",
          "orig": "ca:Birch family plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of vern (“alder”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-verna-ca-noun-F4ICLGJG",
      "links": [
        [
          "vern",
          "vern#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbe̞r.nə]",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈvɛr.nə]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbɛr.nə]",
      "tags": [
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈvɛɾ.na]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencia"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbɛr.na]",
      "tags": [
        "Northwestern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "adjective form"
      },
      "expansion": "verna",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "vèr‧na"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "vèr‧na"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "verno"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "feminine singular of verno"
      ],
      "id": "en-verna-it-adj-4lePfHEv",
      "links": [
        [
          "verno",
          "verno#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɛr.na/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrna"
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "verna",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "vèr‧na"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "vèr‧na"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 80 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 37 5 6 38 3 3 3 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 40 3 6 44 2 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "vernare"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of vernare:",
        "third-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-verna-it-verb-avFb9CP8",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernare",
          "vernare#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "vernare"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of vernare:",
        "second-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-verna-it-verb-oRFTiUZ3",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernare",
          "vernare#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɛr.na/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrna"
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vernāculus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vernīlis"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "verna"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "verna"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ett",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Etruscan",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "वास्तु॑",
        "t": "house"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit वास्तु॑ (vā́stu, “house”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ᾰ̓́στῠ"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́στῠ (ắstŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "vās"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vās",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "vist"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse vist",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly an Etruscan borrowing, though a Proto-Indo-European origin would suggest connections with Sanskrit वास्तु॑ (vā́stu, “house”), Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́στῠ (ắstŭ), Latin vās, Old Norse vist, all referring to \"abode\" or \"utensils\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vernae",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernārum",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernārum",
          "vernarum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernīs",
          "vernis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernās",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernās",
          "vernas#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernā",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernā",
          "verna#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernīs",
          "vernis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verna<1>",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "verna m or f (genitive vernae); first declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verna<1>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "60 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Slavery",
          "orig": "la:Slavery",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a homeborn slave (a slave born in his master's house)"
      ],
      "id": "en-verna-la-noun-IepVMPFB",
      "links": [
        [
          "homeborn",
          "homeborn"
        ],
        [
          "slave",
          "slave#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 37 5 6 38 3 3 3 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 40 3 6 44 2 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 87",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "term of abuse"
      ],
      "id": "en-verna-la-noun-g79kCw2g",
      "links": [
        [
          "abuse",
          "abuse#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈwɛr.na]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈvɛr.na]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vernet",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "verna",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
  "lang_code": "nb",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "verne"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of verne:",
        "simple past"
      ],
      "id": "en-verna-nb-verb-6RDj0pq2",
      "links": [
        [
          "verne",
          "verne#Norwegian_Bokmål"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "verne"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of verne:",
        "past participle"
      ],
      "id": "en-verna-nb-verb-X5NzSqL-",
      "links": [
        [
          "verne",
          "verne#Norwegian_Bokmål"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "verna"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse verna",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse verna.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vernar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verna",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verna",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernast",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernande",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verna",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vern",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "verna (present tense vernar, past tense verna, past participle verna, passive infinitive vernast, present participle vernande, imperative verna/vern)",
      "name": "nn-verb-1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
  "lang_code": "nn",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              26
            ]
          ],
          "english": "It is important to protect one's interests.",
          "text": "Det gjeld å verna om interessene sine.",
          "translation": "It is important to protect one's interests.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "defend, protect"
      ],
      "id": "en-verna-nn-verb-h8R78gdw",
      "links": [
        [
          "defend",
          "defend"
        ],
        [
          "protect",
          "protect"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "verja"
        },
        {
          "word": "verje"
        },
        {
          "word": "tryggja"
        },
        {
          "word": "tryggje"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʋɛrna/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "verna"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse verna",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse verna.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "verne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "n-p"
      },
      "expansion": "verna n pl",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
  "lang_code": "nn",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "vern"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "definite plural of vern"
      ],
      "id": "en-verna-nn-noun-fU-NEcEd",
      "links": [
        [
          "vern",
          "vern#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "form-of",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʋɛrna/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "word": "værne"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "lang_code": "no",
      "word": "verne"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "word": "värna"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the root of vǫrn (“defence”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vernaða",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernuðu",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernaðr",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
        "13": "past participle",
        "14": "vernaðr",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pp2}}}",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "singular past indicative",
        "4": "vernaða",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{spast2}}}",
        "7": "plural past indicative",
        "8": "vernuðu",
        "9": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "verna (singular past indicative vernaða, plural past indicative vernuðu, past participle vernaðr)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vernaða",
        "2": "vernuðu",
        "3": "vernaðr"
      },
      "expansion": "verna (singular past indicative vernaða, plural past indicative vernuðu, past participle vernaðr)",
      "name": "non-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Norse",
  "lang_code": "non",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "defend, protect"
      ],
      "id": "en-verna-non-verb-h8R78gdw",
      "links": [
        [
          "defend",
          "defend"
        ],
        [
          "protect",
          "protect"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vernes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "verna f (plural vernes)",
      "name": "ca-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "alder",
          "word": "vern"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Catalan countable nouns",
        "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
        "Catalan feminine nouns",
        "Catalan lemmas",
        "Catalan nouns",
        "Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 6 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "ca:Birch family plants"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of vern (“alder”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vern",
          "vern#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbe̞r.nə]",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈvɛr.nə]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbɛr.nə]",
      "tags": [
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈvɛɾ.na]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencia"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbɛr.na]",
      "tags": [
        "Northwestern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 2-syllable words",
    "Italian adjective forms",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian non-lemma forms",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Italian verb forms",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ɛrna",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ɛrna/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "adjective form"
      },
      "expansion": "verna",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "vèr‧na"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "vèr‧na"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "verno"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "feminine singular of verno"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "verno",
          "verno#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɛr.na/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrna"
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 2-syllable words",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian non-lemma forms",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Italian verb forms",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ɛrna",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ɛrna/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "verna",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "vèr‧na"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "vèr‧na"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "vernare"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of vernare:",
        "third-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vernare",
          "vernare#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "vernare"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of vernare:",
        "second-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vernare",
          "vernare#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɛr.na/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrna"
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin feminine nouns",
    "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
    "Latin first declension nouns",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the first declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin nouns with multiple genders",
    "Latin terms borrowed from Etruscan",
    "Latin terms derived from Etruscan",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Slavery"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "vernāculus"
    },
    {
      "word": "vernīlis"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "verna"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "verna"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ett",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Etruscan",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "वास्तु॑",
        "t": "house"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit वास्तु॑ (vā́stu, “house”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ᾰ̓́στῠ"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́στῠ (ắstŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "vās"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vās",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "vist"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse vist",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly an Etruscan borrowing, though a Proto-Indo-European origin would suggest connections with Sanskrit वास्तु॑ (vā́stu, “house”), Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́στῠ (ắstŭ), Latin vās, Old Norse vist, all referring to \"abode\" or \"utensils\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vernae",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernārum",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernārum",
          "vernarum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernīs",
          "vernis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernās",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernās",
          "vernas#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernā",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernā",
          "verna#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "vernīs",
          "vernis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verna<1>",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "verna m or f (genitive vernae); first declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verna<1>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a homeborn slave (a slave born in his master's house)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "homeborn",
          "homeborn"
        ],
        [
          "slave",
          "slave#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "term of abuse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "abuse",
          "abuse#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈwɛr.na]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈvɛr.na]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vernet",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "verna",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
  "lang_code": "nb",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "verne"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of verne:",
        "simple past"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "verne",
          "verne#Norwegian_Bokmål"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "verne"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of verne:",
        "past participle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "verne",
          "verne#Norwegian_Bokmål"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "verna"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse verna",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse verna.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vernar",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verna",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verna",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernast",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernande",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verna",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vern",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "verne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "verna (present tense vernar, past tense verna, past participle verna, passive infinitive vernast, present participle vernande, imperative verna/vern)",
      "name": "nn-verb-1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
  "lang_code": "nn",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Norwegian Nynorsk terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              26
            ]
          ],
          "english": "It is important to protect one's interests.",
          "text": "Det gjeld å verna om interessene sine.",
          "translation": "It is important to protect one's interests.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "defend, protect"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "defend",
          "defend"
        ],
        [
          "protect",
          "protect"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʋɛrna/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "verja"
    },
    {
      "word": "verje"
    },
    {
      "word": "tryggja"
    },
    {
      "word": "tryggje"
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "verna"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse verna",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse verna.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "verne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "n-p"
      },
      "expansion": "verna n pl",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
  "lang_code": "nn",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "vern"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "definite plural of vern"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vern",
          "vern#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "form-of",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʋɛrna/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "word": "værne"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "lang_code": "no",
      "word": "verne"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "word": "värna"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the root of vǫrn (“defence”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vernaða",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernuðu",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vernaðr",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
        "13": "past participle",
        "14": "vernaðr",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pp2}}}",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "singular past indicative",
        "4": "vernaða",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{spast2}}}",
        "7": "plural past indicative",
        "8": "vernuðu",
        "9": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "verna (singular past indicative vernaða, plural past indicative vernuðu, past participle vernaðr)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vernaða",
        "2": "vernuðu",
        "3": "vernaðr"
      },
      "expansion": "verna (singular past indicative vernaða, plural past indicative vernuðu, past participle vernaðr)",
      "name": "non-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Norse",
  "lang_code": "non",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Norse lemmas",
        "Old Norse verbs",
        "Pages with 6 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "defend, protect"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "defend",
          "defend"
        ],
        [
          "protect",
          "protect"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "verna"
}

Download raw JSONL data for verna meaning in All languages combined (11.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.